Vanadium sol’n; 1,000 ppm. Increases vanadium in recirculating seawater systems. Required by photoautotrophs (including zooxanthellae) for photosynthesis; supplementation in V-deficient systems generally increases primary productivity dramatically. 1 drop (0.05 mL) per 6.6 gal. (25.0 L), or 1 mL per 132.1 gal. (500.0 L), once daily to maintain NSW value for S=35. 1,000 ppm vanadium, derived from sodium metavanadate (anhydrous source, USP).
Parameter
Vanadium
Value
1,000 ppm
Characteristics
- Required by photoautotrophs (including zooxanthellae) for photosynthesis and nitrogen assimilation (nitrate reduction, nitrogen fixation)
- See ‘Application’ section below for use of this solution vs. Isol8 MT.
- Active Components: Sodium metavanadate, anhydrous, USP.
Basic Application
- 1 drop (0.05 mL) per 6.6 gallons (25.0 L), or 1 mL per 132.1 gallons (500.0 L), provides NSW [V].
- 1 mL per 26.4 gallons (100 L) increases [V] by 0.010 ppm.
- Reference Standard [V]:
- 2.000×10-3 ppm (S=35.0)
- 2.268×10-3 ppm (S=40.0)
- In established systems, increase [V] up to 5% of existing ionic value daily, until desired value or reference standard is reached.
Recommended is diluting an appropriate volume of this solution into a larger volume of purified water (with a purity of at least 98%), and applying this diluted solution to the system with an automated dosing system. Dosing frequency is directly proportional to stability of ionic concentrations and, resultantly, continuous cohort biomass growth. A 1 – 10 s drip interval provides adequate ionic stability, and is recommended.
If no automated dosing system is available, then apply solution manually each day. Dosing frequency is directly proportional to stability of ionic concentrations and, resultantly, continuous cohort biomass growth. Dosage volume per 24 h is divided by the dosing frequency*.
It is not recommended that this formulation be dosed fewer than four times weekly.
Reference Standards: 1 mL Isol8 V diluted in 26.4 gal. (100 L) water yields 10 μg/L increase of [V].
To calculate required solution volume for known parameter differential:
- Multiply net water volume (L) by actual [V] (ppm).
- Multiply net water volume (L) by desired [V] (ppm).
- Subtract product of Step 1 from product of Step 2.
- Divide difference of Step 3 by 0.05. Answer is drops sol’n required to achieve desired [V] in situ.
Recommended: Do not increase parameter concentration by more than 5% per 24 h period in systems with existing cohorts. Aside from emergencies (e.g. excessive nutrient content in an active system, greatly depressed or excessive salinity, etc.), gradual changes in water composition are generally tolerated better by aquatic organisms than are rapid changes.
*Example: If dosage volume per 24 h = 1 mL and dosing frequency = 4, then dose 0.25 mL per event.
